Narrating Nature

Wildlife Conservation and Maasai Ways of Knowing

By Mara Jill Goldman

SERIES: Critical Green Engagements: Investigating the Green Economy and its Alternatives

The University of Arizona Press

The current environmental crises demand that we revisit dominant approaches for understanding nature-society relations. Narrating Nature brings together various ways of knowing nature from differently situated Maasai and conservation practitioners and scientists into lively debate. It speaks to the growing movement within the academy and beyond on decolonizing knowledge about and relationships with nature, and debates within the social sciences on how to work across epistemologies and ontologies. It also speaks to a growing need within conservation studies to find ways to manage nature with people.

This book employs different storytelling practices, including a traditional Maasai oral meeting—the enkiguena—to decenter conventional scientific ways of communicating about, knowing, and managing nature. Author Mara J. Goldman draws on more than two decades of deep ethnographic and ecological engagements in the semi-arid rangelands of East Africa—in landscapes inhabited by pastoral and agropastoral Maasai people and heavily utilized by wildlife. These iconic landscapes have continuously been subjected to boundary drawing practices by outsiders, separating out places for people (villages) from places for nature (protected areas). Narrating Nature follows the resulting boundary crossings that regularly occur—of people, wildlife, and knowledge—to expose them not as transgressions but as opportunities to complicate the categories themselves and create ontological openings for knowing and being with nature otherwise.

Narrating Nature opens up dialogue that counters traditional conservation narratives by providing space for local Maasai inhabitants to share their ways of knowing and being with nature. It moves beyond standard community conservation narratives that see local people as beneficiaries or contributors to conservation, to demonstrate how they are essential knowledgeable members of the conservation landscape itself.

‘Narrating Nature is a colorful and groundbreaking analysis of the hidden tensions inside the science underlying environmental conservation in Africa. Mara J. Goldman skillfully draws together scientific expertise and local discussions of environmental priorities to show how wildlife conservation in Africa can exclude local practices and how understanding the Maasai can enhance environmental policy and show alternative outcomes.’—Tim Forsyth, University of London

‘This is not a typical book about community conservation in Africa. Rather than tell us what should happen, Goldman extensively uses first-person meeting transcripts among local people, scientists, and conservationists to convey the complex and nuanced understandings of nature, wildlife, and community. What happens when these different groups actually talk to each other? This book reveals how telling stories is a powerful way of producing knowledge, boundaries, and landscapes.’—Benjamin Gardner, author of Selling the Serengeti: The Cultural Politics of Safari Tourism

Mara J. Goldman is an associate professor of geography and fellow at the Institute for Behavioral Science at the University of Colorado, Boulder. She co-edited Knowing Nature: Conversations at the Intersection of Political Ecology and Science Studies.

List of Illustrations
Preface
Acknowledgments
List of Abbreviations
Introduction
1. Enkiguena Agenda I: Where Are the Animals?
2. Mapping the Study Site of Emanyara Maasailand
Interlude I. Parsing Knowledge, Closing off Dialogue
3. Enkiguena Agenda II: Managing the Range for Wildlife and Livestock
Interlude II. The Lost Calf
4. Bounding Nature and Reorganizing Maasailand
5. Enkiguena Agenda III: Wildlife Pathways and Conservation Corridors
Interlude III. “But There Was No Space to Speak”
6. Mountains Do Not Meet but People Do: A Postscript to the Enkiguena
Conclusion. Knowing and Being with Nature Otherwise
Append
Glossary
Notes
References
Index

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