Living with the Dead in the Andes

Edited by Izumi Shimada and James L. Fitzsimmons

The University of Arizona Press

The Andean idea of death differs markedly from the Western view. In the Central Andes, particularly the highlands, death is not conceptually separated from life, nor is it viewed as a permanent state. People, animals, and plants simply transition from a soft, juicy, dynamic life to drier, more lasting states, like dry corn husks or mummified ancestors. Death is seen as an extension of vitality.

Living with the Dead in the Andes considers recent research by archaeologists, bioarchaeologists, ethnographers, and ethnohistorians whose work reveals the diversity and complexity of the dead-living interaction. The book’s contributors reap the salient results of this new research to illuminate various conceptions and treatments of the dead: “bad” and “good” dead, mummified and preserved, the body represented by art or effigies, and personhood in material and symbolic terms.

Death does not end or erase the emotional bonds established in life, and a comprehensive understanding of death requires consideration of the corpse, the soul, and the mourners. Lingering sentiment and memory of the departed seems as universal as death itself, yet often it is economic, social, and political agendas that influence the interactions between the dead and the living.

Nine chapters written by scholars from diverse countries and fields offer data-rich case studies and innovative methodologies and approaches. Chapters include discussions on the archaeology of memory, archaeothanatology (analysis of the transformation of the entire corpse and associated remains), a historical analysis of postmortem ritual activities, and ethnosemantic-iconographic analysis of the living-dead relationship. This insightful book focuses on the broader concerns of life and death.

There are no other books that explore prehistoric Andean mortuary ritual from the theoretical approach.’—Gordon F. M. Rakita, author of Ancestors and Elites: Emergent Complexity and Ritual Practices in the Casas Grandes Polity

‘A particular significance of the contributions in this volume is the extent to which the contributions are informed by general anthropological theory. The extensive bibliography alone is an important contribution.’—Jeffrey R. Parsons, author of The Last Pescadores of Chimalhuacan, Mexico: An Archaeological Ethnography

A well-crafted volume that builds on the theoretical and methodological discussions in sociocultural anthropology, social archaeology and bio archaeology over the last three decades.’—Antiquity

‘A welcome addition to addressing the living-dead interaction in prehistory. . . . The book is organized with an eye toward variety, with some data-heavy chapters and others focusing on theoretical concerns, which offer substantial food for thought on the living-dead interaction in the Andes.’
—Journal of Anthropological Research

‘The book benefits not only from the contributions of scholars active in different regions of the central and northern Andes but also from interpretive analyses and increasing awareness among field archaeologists about anthropological theory.’—Hispanic American Historical Review

Izumi Shimada is a professor of anthropology and distinguished scholar at Southern Illinois University, Carbondale. He founded the National Sicán Museum in Ferreñafe, Peru. He is the editor of a dozen books, including Inka Empire: A Multidisciplinary Approach.

James L. Fitzsimmons is an associate professor of anthropology at Middlebury College in Vermont. He is an anthropological archaeologist whose research interests include the anthropology of death, Maya epigraphy, and archaeological method and theory.

Introduction
Izumi Shimada and James L. Fitzsimmons
Chapter 1. The Sacred Character of Ruins on the Peruvian North Coast
Jean-François Millaire
Chapter 2. Many Heads Are Better Than One: Mortuary Practice and Ceramic Art in Moche Society
Mary Weismantel
Chapter 3. Living with the Dead: Conception and Treatment of the Dead on the Peruvian Coast
Izumi Shimada, Haagen D. Klaus, Rafael A. Segura, and Go Matsumoto
Chapter 4. Ritual Violence and Human Offerings at the Temple of the Sacred Stone, Túcume, Peru
J. Marla Toyne
Chapter 5. The Dead and the Longue Durée in Peru’s North Highlands
George F. Lau
Chapter 6. Ancestors and Social Memory: A South American Example of Dead Body Politics
Jane E. Buikstra and Kenneth C. Nystrom
Chapter 7. Requiem Aeternam?: Archaeothanatology of Mortuary Ritual in Colonial Mórrope, North Coast of Peru
Haagen D. Klaus and Manuel E. Tam
Chapter 8. The Sadness of Jars: Separation and Rectification in Andean Understandings of Death
Catherine J. Allen
Chapter 9. Turbulent Tombs
Frank Salomon

Editors and Contributors
Index

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