José Martí (1853–1895) was the founding hero of Cuban independence. In all of modern Latin American history, arguably only the “Great Liberator” Simón Bolívar rivals Martí in stature and legacy. Beyond his accomplishments as a revolutionary and political thinker, Martí was a giant of Latin American letters, whose poetry, essays, and journalism still rank among the most important works of the region. Today he is revered by both the Castro regime and the Cuban exile community, whose shared veneration of the “apostle” of freedom has led to his virtual apotheosis as a national saint.
In José Martí: A Revolutionary Life, Alfred J. López presents the definitive biography of the Cuban patriot and martyr. Writing from a nonpartisan perspective and drawing on years of research using original Cuban and U.S. sources, including materials never before used in a Martí biography, López strips away generations of mythmaking and portrays Martí as Cuba’s greatest founding father and one of Latin America’s literary and political giants, without suppressing his public missteps and personal flaws. In a lively account that engrosses like a novel, López traces the full arc of Martí’s eventful life, from his childhood and adolescence in Cuba, to his first exile and subsequent life in Spain, Mexico City, and Guatemala, through his mature revolutionary period in New York City and much-mythologized death in Cuba on the battlefield at Dos Ríos. The first major biography of Martí in over half a century and the first ever in English, José Martí is the most substantial examination of Martí’s life and work ever published.
The life, the history and the facts are all here in López’s volume. It is thorough, compelling and a generally lively account...
Alfred López’s biography of Martí, evidently the product of long research and reflection, is a most impressive achievement. . . . It will be the standard biography—in English or Spanish—for years to come.
This is the one and only book that treats the nineteenth-century Cuban figure José Martí as a human instead of an idol, an apostle, or an unblemished personality. . . . Anyone now writing about Martí and the war of independence will have to refer to this book. . . . It establishes a new field.
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction: Mariano and Leonor
- Part One: Before the Fall (1853–1870)
- Chapter One. An Unlikely Prodigy
- A Boy's First Letter
- Chapter Two. The Teacher Appears
- Chapter Three. Trial by Fire
- Havana Farewell
- Part Two: Exile (1871–1880)
- Chapter Four. Spain
- Chapter Five. A Young Man's Travels
- Chapter Six. Discovering America (1): Mexico
- A Secret Mission
- Chapter Seven. Discovering America (2): Guatemala
- Chapter Eight. Homecoming, Interrupted
- Part Three: The Great Work (1881–1895)
- Chapter Nine. New York (1): A False Start
- In the Land of Bolívar
- Chapter Ten. New York (2): No Country, No Master
- Chapter Eleven. New York (3): The Great Work Begins
- Chapter Twelve. New York (4): The Final Push
- Chapter Thirteen. Farewells and Rowboats
- A Narrow Escape—and One Last Letter for His Patria
- Chapter Fourteen. "My Life for My Country"
- Epilogue: A Hero's Afterlife
- Notes
- Bibliography
- Index