Global Health for All

Knowledge, Politics, and Practices

Edited by Jean-Paul Gaudillière, Andrew McDowell, Claudia Lang, and Claire Beaudevin

Rutgers University Press

Global Health for All trains a critical lens on global health to share the stories that global health’s practices and logics tell about 20th and 21st century configurations of science and power. An ethnography on multiple scales, the book focuses on global health’s key epistemic and therapeutic practices like localization, measurement, triage, markets, technology, care, and regulation. Its roving approach traverses policy centers, sites of intervention, and innumerable spaces in between to consider what happens when globalized logics, circulations, and actors work to imagine, modify, and manage health. By resting in these in-between places, Global Health for All simultaneously examines global health as a coherent system and as a dynamic, unpredictable collection of modular parts.

This fantastic book paints an ambitious and sophisticated historical and ethnographic tableau of the global health field and the globalization of health during the last forty years or so. Articulated around a series of innovative themes, from political/economic triage to persistent hospitals to provincializing the WHO, the book is a must-read for anyone curious about the transformation of international health and biomedicine at the turn of the twentieth century. David Reubi, co-editor of Global Health and Geographical Imaginaries

Global Health for All challenges classic understandings of periodization of structures of international health versus a burgeoning global health movement to rethink the very foundations of what has emerged as practices aspiring toward 'health universalism' in the twenty-first century. The range of fascinating case studies, the scope of ideas, and the provocation for rethinking and new research is simply stunning. It is a book to be pondered, contested, and taught. Byron Good, co-editor of A Reader in Medical Anthropology: Theoretical Trajectories, Emergent Realities

This is a deeply thoughtful and brilliantly argued book that cuts across stale debates to offer a new framework for conceptualizing health in a globalized world. Its compelling analysis is both important and urgent—as COVID-19 becomes a pivotal moment for rethinking approaches to health, it is crucial that new knowledge and interventions be guided by conceptual and methodological imperatives such as those offered in Global Health for All. Manjari Mahajan, Associate Professor of International Affairs & Starr Professor and Co-Director of the India China Institute, The New School

This fantastic book paints an ambitious and sophisticated historical and ethnographic tableau of the global health field and the globalization of health during the last forty years or so. Articulated around a series of innovative themes, from political/economic triage to persistent hospitals to provincializing the WHO, the book is a must-read for anyone curious about the transformation of international health and biomedicine at the turn of the twentieth century. David Reubi, co-editor of Global Health and Geographical Imaginaries

Global Health for All challenges classic understandings of periodization of structures of international health versus a burgeoning global health movement to rethink the very foundations of what has emerged as practices aspiring toward 'health universalism' in the twenty-first century. The range of fascinating case studies, the scope of ideas, and the provocation for rethinking and new research is simply stunning. It is a book to be pondered, contested, and taught. Byron Good, co-editor of A Reader in Medical Anthropology: Theoretical Trajectories, Emergent Realities

This is a deeply thoughtful and brilliantly argued book that cuts across stale debates to offer a new framework for conceptualizing health in a globalized world. Its compelling analysis is both important and urgent—as COVID-19 becomes a pivotal moment for rethinking approaches to health, it is crucial that new knowledge and interventions be guided by conceptual and methodological imperatives such as those offered in Global Health for All. Manjari Mahajan, Associate Professor of International Affairs & Starr Professor and Co-Director of the India China In

[Makes] global health comprehensible through excellent examples of projects and policies to illustrate each of the points. Family Medicine

JEAN-PAUL GAUDILLIÈRE is a distinguished historian of science and senior researcher at the National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) in France. From 2009 to 2019, he was the director of Europe's most prominent institute for the social study of medicine, CERMES3. He is the author of nine English-language edited volumes on the history of medicine and the life sciences.

ANDREW MCDOWELL is an assistant professor of anthropology at Tulane University. McDowell is one of the leading social science experts on tuberculosis in India and has published in venues spanning from The Lancet to Medical Anthropology Quarterly.

CLAUDIA LANG is the Heisenberg Associate Professor of anthropology at the University of Leipzig. She is the author of Depression in Karala: Ayurveda and Mental Health Care in 21st-Century India and a co-editor with William Sax of The Movement for Global Mental Health: Critical Views from South and Southeast Asia .

CLAIRE BEAUDEVIN is a medical anthropologist and a researcher at the National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) in France. She is the co-editor of Global Health and the New World Order: Historical and Anthropological Approaches to a Changing Regime of Governance.

Prologue: A Story with Sixteen Tellers by Andrew McDowell, Claire Beaudevin, Claudia Lang, Jean-Paul Gaudillière
Introduction: Health Universalism and the Health of Others by Jean-Paul Gaudillière, Andrew McDowell, Claire Beaudevin, Claudia Lang
Periodization
A Field and What Else?
The Game of Scales
Standardization
What’s Neoliberal in Global Health?
Multi-scalar methodologies
Chapter 1: Localization in the Global by Andrew McDowell, Lucile Ruault, Olivia Fiorilli, Laurent Pordié
Grounding localization
The Local as Site of Innovation
SkyCare and the Virtual Global
Community: The Discursive Local
The Local as Hub of Global Circulations
Conclusion
Chapter 2: Metrics for Development by Anne M. Lovell, Jean-Paul Gaudillière, Claudia Lang, Claire Beaudevin
Introduction
Global Burden of Disease Season 1: The World Bank’s Tool for Prioritizing Health Investments
Putting GBD 1 to Use: The Real but Problematic “Economization” of National Investments in Health
Global Burden of Disease, Season 2 (GBD 2): Limitations and Legitimation
Challenging GBD 2
Crises of ownership and counting
Conclusion
Chapter 3: Triage Beyond the Clinic by Jean-Paul Gaudillière, Andrew McDowell, Claudia Lang, Claire Beaudevin
Political Triage and its Economic Alternative: The Primary Health Care Strategy and its Eclipse
Strategy in Practice—The Essential Drugs List and the Rise of the “Selective” Primary Health Care
The 1990s and Its Aftermath: Performance-Based Triage and the World Bank
Triage toward Disease Control: Tuberculosis and “Verticalization” in Global Health
Comprehensive Primary Healthcare, Medical Genetics, and Task Shifting in Oman
Distributed Political Triage in Kerala
Conclusion
Chapter 4: Markets, Medicines, and Health Globalization by Caroline Meier zu Biesen, Laurent Pordié, Jessica Pourraz, Jean-Paul Gaudillière
Introduction
Toward a Global Market: Branded Artemisinin Drugs Reaching Tanzania
Rethinking Medicine Making: The Local Production of Generic Anti-Malarials in Ghana
The Reformulation Regime: Industrial Ayurveda Goes Global
Transactions at the Interstices: The Licit and Illicit Circulation of Drugs in Cambodia
Conclusion
Chapter 5: Tech for All by Andrew McDowell, Claudia Lang, Mandy Geise, Sameea Ahmed Hassim, Vegard Sture
The Launching of a Depression Technopack
A Sliding Scale: TB
GeneXpert: Of Genes and Experts
Technopacking Genomics, Mestizaje and Diabetes in Mexico
Cuba’s Prenatal Screening Technopack
Conclusion
Chapter 6: Persistent Hospitals by Claire Beaudevin, Fanny Chabrol, Claudia Lang
Introduction
Crafting Medical Genetics in an Omani Hospital
Providing Multidrug-resistant Treatment in a Tuberculosis Hospital in Tanzania
The Mental Hospital and Community Mental Health in India
Conclusion
Chapter 7: Provincializing the WHO by Christoph Gradmann, Olivia Fiorilli, Jean-Paul Gaudillière, Caroline Meier zu Biesen, Lucile Ruault, Simeng Wang
Tuberculosis, the Making of DOTS and the Decline of Primary Health Care
The WHO and the World Bank: Revisiting the “Take-over”
The WHO and the Missed Opportunity for a Global Agenda on Human Genetics, 1980s–2000s
Transregional Health Encounters: Indian Ayurveda, African markets, and the WHO’s Guiding Principles
A Road to Africa – China and Global Health
Conclusion
Epilogue: The Health of Others, Covid-19 and BeyondClaudia Lang, Andrew McDowell, Claire Beaudevin, Jean-Paul Gaudillière
Acknowledgments
Notes on Contributors
Bibliography
Index

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